本文将提供一些perl连接Microsoft SQL Server数据库的实例。perl脚本运行在Windows和Linux平台。
Windows平台
如果在Windows平台下运行perl脚本,建议使用依赖DBI的两个模块包,提供标准的数据库接口模块。
DBD::ODBC
DBD::ADO
使用DBD::ODBC
如果选用DBD::ODBC,下面的实例代码将展示如何连接到SQL Server数据库:
复制代码 代码如下:
use DBI; 
 
# DBD::ODBC 
 
my $dsn = 'DBI:ODBC:Driver={SQL Server}'; 
my $host = '10.0.0.1,1433'; 
my $database = 'my_database'; 
my $user = 'sa'; 
my $auth = ‘s3cr3t'; 
 
# Connect via DBD::ODBC by specifying the DSN dynamically. 
my $dbh = DBI->connect("$dsn;Server=$host;Database=$database", 
 $user, 
 $auth, 
 { RaiseError => 1, AutoCommit => 1} 
 ) || die "Database connection not made: $DBI::errstr"; 
 
#Prepare a SQL statement my $sql = "SELECT id, name, phone_number FROM employees "; 
my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $sql ); 
 
#Execute the statement 
$sth->execute(); 
 
my( $id, $name, $phone_number ); 
 
# Bind the results to the local variables 
$sth->bind_columns( undef, \$id, \$name, \$phone_number ); 
 
#Retrieve values from the result set 
while( $sth->fetch() ) { 
 print "$id, $name, $phone_number\n"; 
} 
 
#Close the connection 
$sth->finish(); 
$dbh->disconnect();
你还可以使用预先设置的一个系统DSN来连接。要建立一个系统DSN,可以这样访问控制面板->管理工具->数据源。
使用系统DSN连接,需要更改连接字符串。如下所示:
复制代码 代码如下:
# Connect via DBD::ODBC using a System DSN 
my $dbh = DBI->connect("dbi:ODBC:my_system_dsn", 
 $user, 
 $auth, 
 { 
 RaiseError => 1, 
 AutoCommit => 1 
 } 
 ) || die "Database connection not made: $DBI::errstr";
使用DBD::ADO
如果选择DBD::ADO模块,下面的实例展示如何连接到SQL Server数据库。
复制代码 代码如下:
use DBI; 
 
my $host = '10.0.0.1,1433'; 
my $database = 'my_database'; 
my $user = 'sa'; 
my $auth = ‘s3cr3t'; 
 
# DBD::ADO 
$dsn = "Provider=sqloledb;Trusted Connection=yes;"; 
$dsn .= "Server=$host;Database=$database"; 
my $dbh = DBI->connect("dbi:ADO:$dsn", 
 $user, 
 $auth, 
 { RaiseError => 1, AutoCommit => 1} 
 ) || die "Database connection not made: $DBI::errstr"; 
 
#Prepare a SQL statement 
my $sql = "SELECT id, name, phone_number FROM employees "; my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $sql ); 
 
#Execute the statement 
$sth->execute(); 
 
my( $id, $name, $phone_number ); 
 
# Bind the results to the local variables 
$sth->bind_columns( undef, \$id, \$name, \$phone_number ); 
 
#Retrieve values from the result set 
while( $sth->fetch() ) { 
 print "$id, $name, $phone_number\n"; 
} 
 
#Close the connection 
$sth->finish(); 
$dbh->disconnect();
Linux平台
如果是在Linux平台下运行perl脚本,连接SQL Server数据库需要使用到DBD::Sybase包。
安装SQL Server支持库
Sybase DBD包依赖FreeTDS驱动程序。
FreeTDS下载地址:www.freetds.org
安装FreeTDS驱动的说明文档参见:http://www.freetds.org/userguide/config.htm
该驱动没有使用到ODBC.
配置数据源
修改freetds.conf文件包括SQL Server数据库信息,如下所示:
复制代码 代码如下:
[SS_MY_DB]
host = 10.0.0.1 # or host name port = 1433
tds version = 7.0
安装Sybase DBD模块
该模块文档参见:http://search.cpan.org/~mewp/DBD-Sybase/Sybase.pm
此外,需要将sybase环境变量应设置为FreeTDS安装路径,export SYBASE=/usr/local/freetds
使用Sybase DBI和SQL Server DSN实例
复制代码 代码如下:
# load the DBI module 
use DBI; 
use DBD::Sybase; 
 
my $database="my_database"; 
my $user="sa"; 
my $auth="s3cr3t"; 
 
BEGIN 
{ 
 $ENV{SYBASE} = "/usr/local"; 
} 
 
# Connect to the SQL Server Database 
my $dbh = DBI->connect("dbi:Sybase:server=ss_my_db;database=$database", 
 $user, 
 $auth 
 {RaiseError => 1, AutoCommit => 1} 
 ) || die "Database connection not made: $DBI::errstr"; 
 
#Prepare a SQL statement 
my $sql = "SELECT id, name, phone_number FROM employees"; 
my $sth = $dbh->prepare( $sql ); 
 
#Execute the statement 
$sth->execute(); 
 
my( $id, $name, $phone_number ); 
 
# Bind the results to the local variables 
$sth->bind_columns( undef, \$id, \$name, \$phone_number ); 
 
#Retrieve values from the result set 
while( $sth->fetch() ) {  print "$name, $title, $phone\n"; 
} 
 
#Close the connection 
$sth->finish(); 
undef $sth; # This fixes a segfault bug with certain versions of DBD::Sybase 
$dbh->disconnect();
                            
                            
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